Will digital payments replace cash?
The volume and value of fast payments reached record levels. Even so, digital payments have not yet fully replaced cash. Public demand for cash remains steady, both as a means of payment and as a safe haven. While the digitalisation of payments is a global trend, payment habits still differ across countries.
As people move toward more electronic or digital forms of payment, it might seem like paper money is on its way toward obsolescence. But experts say that cash will always be around.
Central bank digital currencies (CBDC) can replace physical money, especially in economies where cash deployment is costly, Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund Kristalina Georgieva said during a Wednesday speech.
If it's been a long time since you pulled out actual dollars and coins to pay for something — here's a conversation for you. It might seem like cash is slowly becoming obsolete. But, Brett Scott says it's a false narrative that we're all pining for a cashless society.
It might be said that the US is headed toward a cashless society. Some small businesses have even put up signs saying that they no longer accept cash, another factor that's driving this change. Cash payments can take longer, limit potential sales, and open up businesses to the possibility of an audit.
Although paper-based currencies are becoming less popular, they will likely stick around for the foreseeable future. Dollars and cents may become harder to use, but as with many obsolete technologies, there are enough users to ensure demand doesn't disappear completely.
Physical currency isn't becoming obsolete any time soon, so it's important to weigh up your options before deciding to go fully cashless in 2024. Ensuring you can accept some cashless payments though, is essential to keeping with today's trends and customer expectations.
The concern is that financial privacy will be lost with a digital dollar. The government would be able to watch how people spend their money, close their bank accounts, or even just take the money. In other words, the worry is that a digital dollar would be one more way for the government to control us and our money.
Bank of America, Citigroup, PNC and Capital One Financial, all among the nation's 10 largest banks, still haven't signed on to FedNow, according to the Fed's latest list of participants. FedNow launched last July, promising to speed up transactions for consumers and companies.
Participating banks include BNY Mellon, Citi, HSBC, Mastercard, PNC Bank, TD Bank, Truist, U.S. Bank and Wells Fargo.
Is the US going to a digital dollar?
For its part, the US Federal Reserve is conducting research and strategic planning regarding the potential implementation of CBDCs, spurred on by Biden's executive order. Despite these efforts, America has yet to make a concrete commitment to adopting a digital dollar.
While it is undeniable that the use of cash will decrease over time, it is unlikely to disappear completely. Importantly, the digitization of transactions and the elimination of cash has many challenges ahead.
Analysis from Barclays Investment Bank, meanwhile, predicts that the global transition from cash to digital payments would reach a tipping point moment in 2025, when absolute cash usage would decline from 41 per cent in 2019 to 20 per cent by 2030.
Ultimately, cash may in fact disappear. But it's mostly a question of where and when. While it may disappear in some countries, it might remain in others. And if it ultimately happens in 50 or 100 or more years, it won't matter much to anyone who's alive today.
The only way to pay for stuff in a cashless society is through digital transfers. These transfers can be done with debit or credit cards or through digital wallets (think Cash App, Zelle, PayPal, Google Pay, Venmo and Apple Pay).
The US is moving toward cashless payments, with a substantial increase in the use of mobile wallet apps and contactless cards. A report from the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco found that payments made using cash accounted for just 18% of all US payments in 2022.
As of June 2023, about 943 million people in mainland China used mobile payments, bolstering the country's status as the world's largest cashless society.
Reasons people keep cash at home include emergency preparedness, financial privacy concerns and mistrust of banks. It's a good idea to keep enough cash at home to cover two months' worth of basic necessities, some experts recommend.
That should include a little cash stashed in the house, enough to cover the monthly bills in a checking account, and enough to cover an emergency in a savings account. For the emergency stash, most financial experts set an ambitious goal at the equivalent of six months of income.
One widely quoted report predicts that the global transition from cash to digital will reach a tipping-point in 2025, and the pandemic, in which contactless payments surged, has only exacerbated this trend.
Is everyone going cashless?
In less than a decade, the share of Americans who go “cashless” in a typical week has increased by double digits. Today, roughly four-in-ten Americans (41%) say none of their purchases in a typical week are paid for using cash, up from 29% in 2018 and 24% in 2015, according to a new Pew Research Center survey.
Norways is the most cashless country, with only around 2% of payments being made by cash, and 100% of the population having a bank account.
Use strong passwords, keep your antivirus software up-to-date, and avoid clicking on suspicious links or downloading unknown software. Also, protect yourself by using two-factor authentication when you login to data-sensitive sites. CBDC is a digital currency, so you'll need to make sure your digital assets are secure.
With so much business still conducted in cash, don't expect it to disappear any time soon. Besides, some customers cannot pay with anything but cash, since they are unbanked or under-banked.
In 2019, China began piloting its central bank digital currency, known as the e-CNY. After a slow start, uptake has accelerated rapidly, with 26 cities serving as test beds and 5.6 million merchants registered to use the currency nationwide as of last year. Its implementation has gone into overdrive in 2023.
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