Properties of Equations | Lexique de mathématique (2024)

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Properties Example FAQs

These properties are as true in arithmetic and algebra as they are in propositional language.

This can be summarized as follows: If the same operation is performed on both sides of an equality, then the equality is still true.

Properties

The main properties of an equality are the logical properties that make it anequivalence relationship:

  • the reflexive property: for all values of x, we always have x = x;
  • the symmetric property: if x = y, then y = x;
  • the transitive property: if x = y and y = z, then x = z.

The properties of operations (specific to each operation) are the following:

  • Additive properties:
    • If x = y, then x + z = y + z, for all values of z;
    • If x + u = x + v, then u = v;
    • Therefore, for all values of z: if x = y, then xz = yz.
  • These properties can be generalized to all the operations as follows:
    • If x = y, then x z = y z, for all values of z not equal to the absorbing element of the operation,
      if x u = x v, then u = v, for all values of x not equal to the absorbing element of the operation.

Therefore, these properties are valid for the operations of multiplication and division, since the preceding restriction eliminates the case of division by zero.

Example

The variable y in the equation \(4x + 2y = 6x + 10\), can be isolated by following these steps:

\(4x + 2y = 6x + 10\)\(⇔\)\(4x + 2y −6x = 6x + 10 −6x\)Additive inverse
\(⇔\)\((4x − 6x) + 2y = (6x − 6x) + 10\)commutative and associative
properties of addition
\(⇔\)\(− 2x + 2y = 10\)Simplify
\(⇔\)\(−2x + 2y − 2x = 10 − 2x\)Additive inverse
\(⇔\)\((− 2x − 2x) + 2y = 10 − 2x\)Commutative and associative properties of addition
\(⇔\)\(2y = 10 − 2x\)calculation
\(⇔\)\(\dfrac{2y}{2} = \dfrac{(10 − 2x)}{2}\)Division Property of Equality
\(⇔\)\(y = \dfrac{10}{2} − \dfrac{2x}{2}\)distributive property of division over addition
\(⇔\)\(y = 5 − x\)calculation
Properties of Equations | Lexique de mathématique (2024)

FAQs

Properties of Equations | Lexique de mathématique? ›

These properties include the associative property, commutative property, distributive property, identity property, inverse property, reflexive property, symmetric property, and transitive property. These properties or axioms are used to solve equations and manipulate equations in algebra.

What are the properties of algebraic equations? ›

These properties include the associative property, commutative property, distributive property, identity property, inverse property, reflexive property, symmetric property, and transitive property. These properties or axioms are used to solve equations and manipulate equations in algebra.

What are the properties of mathematical equations? ›

There are four basic properties of numbers: commutative, associative, distributive, and identity. You should be familiar with each of these. It is especially important to understand these properties once you reach advanced math such as algebra and calculus.

What are the properties of solving equations? ›

Properties of Equality Table
Property of EqualityMeaning
Division PropertyFor real numbers x, y, and z, If x = y, then x ÷ z = y ÷ z
Reflexive PropertyEvery real number is equal to itself. For a real number x, x = x,
Symmetric PropertyOrder of equality does not matter. For real numbers x and y, If x = y, then y = x
6 more rows

What are the 5 properties of math with examples? ›

Solved Examples of Number Properties
  • Commutative Property: 8 + 12 = 12 + 8 (Addition) 9 × 5 = 5 × 9 (Multiplication)
  • Associative Property: (7 + 6) + 4 = 7 + (6 + 4) (Addition) (3 × 8) × 2 = 3 × (8 × 2) (Multiplication)
  • Distributive Property: 6 × (4 + 10) = (6 × 4) + (6 × 10)
  • Identity Property: 15 + 0 = 15 (Addition)
Dec 18, 2023

What are the 9 algebraic properties? ›

And in this lesson we are not only going to learn the nine Algebra Properties:
  • Distributive Property.
  • Commutative Property.
  • Associative Property.
  • Identity Property.
  • Inverse Property.
  • Reflexive Property.
  • Symmetric Property.
  • Transitive Property.
Jan 20, 2020

What are the four basic properties used to solve equations? ›

There are four basic properties: commutative, associative, distributive, and identity.

What are the properties of simple equations? ›

Facts on Applications of Simple Equations

An equation remains the same if the LHS and the RHS are interchanged. The value of the variable for which the equation is satisfied is called the solution of the equation. Transposing means moving to the other side.

What are all four properties of maths? ›

Let A , B , C are three integers.
  • . Commutative property :
  • 2 . Associative property :
  • 3 . Distributive property :
  • 4 . Identity property :

What are the properties of math rules? ›

Table 4. The Properties of Equality
Reflexive property of equalitya = a
Symmetric property of equalityIf a = b, then b = a.
Transitive property of equalityIf a = b and b = c, then a = c.
Addition property of equalityIf a = b, then a + c = b + c.
Subtraction property of equalityIf a = b, then a – c = b – c.
3 more rows

What is identifying properties? ›

The identity property states that adding zero to a number or a sum of numbers does not affect the result. Thus, the property used in the given problem to simplify is the identity property.

What are the properties of a balanced equation? ›

Balanced chemical equations have the same number and type of each atom on both sides of the equation. The coefficients in a balanced equation must be the simplest whole number ratio. Mass is always conserved in chemical reactions.

What are the properties illustrated by equations? ›

- Write properties of real numbers
For any real numbers a , b , and c :
Associativea + b + c = a + b + ca · b · c = a · b · c
Identitya + 0 = a = 0 + aa · 1 = a = 1 · a
Inversea + - a = 0 = - a + aIf a ≠ 0 , then
Distributivea b + c = a b + a c and b + c a = b a + c a
2 more rows

What are the 7 properties of math pdf? ›

  • Associative Property of Addition. ...
  • Associative Property of Multiplication. ...
  • Commutative Property of Addition. ...
  • Commutative Property of Multiplication. ...
  • Distributive Property. ...
  • Identity Property of Addition. ...
  • Identity Property of Multiplication. ...
  • Additive Inverse of a Number.

How to do distributive property? ›

There are three simple steps to use the distributive property. Step 1: Distribute the multiplier (the number outside the parentheses). Step 2: Find the individual products. Step 3: Add or subtract.

What property is multiplication? ›

Understanding the five properties of multiplication—Associative, Commutative, Identity, Distributive, and Zero—provides a solid foundation for tackling more complex mathematical concepts. These properties simplify calculations, making it easier to solve multiplication problems.

What are the five algebraic properties? ›

Commutative Property, Associative Property, Distributive Property, Identity Property of Multiplication, And Identity Property of Addition.

What are the characteristics of algebraic equation? ›

An algebraic equation is also known as a polynomial equation because both sides of the equal sign contain polynomials. An algebraic equation is built up of variables, coefficients, constants as well as algebraic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, exponentiation, etc.

What are the 4 properties of math and what do they mean? ›

Number properties are the set of rules that dictate how numbers behave when they are added, subtracted, multiplied or divided. Numbers have four main properties: distributive, associative, commutative and identity property, and each governs how a mathematical operation is carried out.

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