I bonds — TreasuryDirect (2024)

Electronic or paper? You can buy electronic I bonds in your TreasuryDirect account. You can buy paper I bonds with your IRS tax refund. How does an I bond earn interest?

I savings bonds earn interest monthly. Interest is compounded semiannually, meaning that every 6 months we apply the bond’s interest rate to a new principal value. The new principal is the sum of the prior principal and the interest earned in the previous 6 months.

Thus, your bond's value grows both because it earns interest and because the principal value gets bigger.

We list interest rates for all I bonds ever issued in 2 ways:

How long does an I bond earn interest? 30 years (unless you cash it before then) When do I get the interest on my I bond?

With a Series I savings bond, you wait to get all the money until you cash in the bond.

Electronic I bonds: We pay automatically when the bond matures (if you haven’t cashed it before then).

Paper I bonds: You must submit the paper bond to cash it.

See Cash in (redeem) an EE or I savings bond.

Can I cash it in before 30 years?

You can cash in (redeem) your I bond after 12 months.

However, if you cash in the bond in less than 5 years, you lose the last 3 months of interest. For example, if you cash in the bond after 18 months, you get the first 15 months of interest. See Cash in (redeem) an EE or I savings bond.

How do I find the value of my Series I savings bond?

If you have a Series I electronic bond, you can see what it is worth in your TreasuryDirect account.

To see what your paper Series I bond is worth, use our Savings Bond Calculator.

Must I pay tax on what the bond earns?

Federal income tax: Yes

State and local income tax: No

Federal estate, gift, and excise taxes; state estate or inheritance taxes: Yes

You choose whether to report each year's earnings or wait to report all the earnings when you get the money for the bond.

If you use the money for qualified higher education expenses, you may not have to pay tax on the earnings.

See more in

Tax information for EE and I savings bonds

Using savings bonds for higher education

How much does an I bond cost? Electronic I bonds: $25 minimum or any amount above that to the penny. For example, you could buy an I bond for $36.73.

Paper I bonds: $50, $100, $200, $500, or $1,000

Is there a maximum amount I can buy? In a calendar year, one Social Security Number or one Employer Identification Number may buy:
  • up to $10,000 in electronic I bonds, and
  • up to $5,000 in paper I bonds (with your tax refund)

For individual accounts, the limits apply to the Social Security Number of the first-named in the registration.

I bonds — TreasuryDirect (2024)

FAQs

What is the catch of the I bonds? ›

I bonds mature after 30 years, meaning you can continually earn interest on them for 30 years unless you cash them out first. While you can redeem them as early as one year after your initial purchase, cashing in early, specifically within five years, means you forfeit the last three months of interest earned.

Is there a downside to series I bonds? ›

Key Points. Pros: I bonds come with a high interest rate during inflationary periods, they're low-risk, and they help protect against inflation. Cons: Rates are variable, there's a lockup period and early withdrawal penalty, and there's a limit to how much you can invest.

Can I buy $10,000 I bond every year? ›

That said, there is a $10,000 limit each year for purchasing them. There are several ways around this limit, though, including using your tax refund, having your spouse purchase bonds as well and using a separate legal entity like a trust.

What are the disadvantages of TreasuryDirect? ›

Securities purchased through TreasuryDirect cannot be sold in the secondary market before they mature. This lack of liquidity could be a disadvantage for investors who may need to access their investment capital before the securities' maturity.

What will the next I bond rate be in 2024? ›

Series I bonds will pay 4.28% annual interest from May 1 through October 2024, the U.S. Department of the Treasury announced Tuesday. Linked to inflation, the latest I bond rate is down from the 5.27% annual rate offered since November and slightly lower than the 4.3% from May 2023.

Are I bonds worth the hassle? ›

Depending on the inflation rate, I-bonds can offer returns that are significantly higher than those of other low-risk investments like certificates of deposit (CDs) or high-yield savings accounts. I-bonds are also attractive because investors bear almost no risk of losing their principal.

What happens to I bonds if inflation goes down? ›

If inflation runs hotter, the rate can go up. If inflation cools off, the rate can go down. The fixed rate portion of an I Bond remains with the life of the bond. The fixed rate is 1.3% for I Bonds issued from November 2023 through April.

What is a better investment than I bonds? ›

Bottom line. If inflation and investment safety are your chief concerns — TIPS and I-bonds deliver both. TIPS offer greater liquidity and the higher yearly limit allows you to stash far more cash in TIPS than I-bonds.

Why not to buy Series I bonds? ›

If you sell before five years, you forfeit the last 3 months' worth of interest. The only place you can buy an I Bond is directly through the government at Treasury Direct. Interest on I Bonds are subject to federal income tax, but free from state or local income tax.

How much is a $100 savings bond worth after 20 years? ›

How to get the most value from your savings bonds
Face ValuePurchase Amount20-Year Value (Purchased May 2000)
$50 Bond$100$109.52
$100 Bond$200$219.04
$500 Bond$400$547.60
$1,000 Bond$800$1,095.20

Do you pay taxes on I bonds? ›

How much tax do I owe on my I bonds? Interest on I bonds is exempt from state and local taxes but taxed at the federal level at ordinary income-tax rates.

Can married couples buy $20,000 in I bonds? ›

Yes, since bond purchase limits are based on a person's Social Security number, a married couple could buy up to $30,000 in I bonds annually. Each spouse could buy $10,000 in electronic I bonds and $5,000 in paper I bonds, assuming their federal tax refund is large enough.

Is it better to buy treasuries from broker or TreasuryDirect? ›

There are several ways to buy Treasuries. For many people, TreasuryDirect is a good option; however, retirement savers and investors who already have brokerage accounts are often better off buying bonds on the secondary market or with exchange-traded funds (ETFs).

Which is better series, EE or I bonds? ›

Bottom line. I bonds, with their inflation-adjusted return, safeguard the investor's purchasing power during periods of high inflation. On the other hand, EE Bonds offer predictable returns with a fixed-interest rate and a guaranteed doubling of value if held for 20 years.

Do I bonds lose principal value? ›

You can count on a Series I bond to hold its value; that is, the bond's redemption value will not decline.

Is there a catch with I bonds? ›

The catch is that there's a penalty for cashing in an I bond before five years from its issue date. Fortunately, the penalty is fairly mild. For all I bonds less than five years old, the penalty is equivalent to the last three months' worth of interest. As mentioned, your I bond rate changes every six months.

How risky are I bonds? ›

I bonds are low-risk investments that can provide a guaranteed return and protect against inflation. I bonds have a fixed rate and an inflation-adjusted rate that combine to create the composite rate of return. During times of market volatility, I bonds offer comfort because they are backed by the U.S. government.

How long should you keep money in an I bond? ›

You can cash in (redeem) your I bond after 12 months. However, if you cash in the bond in less than 5 years, you lose the last 3 months of interest. For example, if you cash in the bond after 18 months, you get the first 15 months of interest. See Cash in (redeem) an EE or I savings bond.

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